Manning

Manning, Henry Edward, Cardinal (1808-92), son of William Manning, M.P., was born in Hertfordshire. He took a first class both in classics and mathematics from Balliol College, Oxford, and was elected fellow of Merton. In 1834 he became rector of Lavington, Sussex, and in 1840 Archdeacon of Chichester. He had been a strong Tractarian at Oxford, and in 1851 (largely in consequence of the Gorham judgment) he seceded to the Roman Church, and published his Grounds of Faith in the next year. In 1865 he succeeded Wiseman as Archbishop of Westminster, and was named a cardinal ten years later. Supporting as he did the extreme claims of the Papacy, he was in much greater favour at Rome than Newman. In his later years he was prominent in social movements, such as the Dockers' strike in London in 1889, and in the temperance movement.