Jingo

Jingo, in the slang phrases "by Jingo," and "by the living Jingo," is supposed by some to be a corrupt form of the Basque word Jainko for Jangoikoa, "the supreme Lord," said to have come to England via Wales, whither Edward I. had sent some Basque soldiers. The earliest registered instance of the word occurs in Oldham's Satyrs upon the Jesuits (1679). Another explanation is that it is a form of St. Gingulphus. In British politics a "Jingo" was originally an advocate for war with Russia during the Disraeli administration of 1874-1880, the term being taken from a "by Jingo" in a music-hall song, 1878. Now "Jingoism" is British Chauvinism, or an aggressive menacing policy as to foreign affairs.