Czar

Czar, or Tzar or Tsar, a title used by the Mongol princes of Russia, and connected with the Roman Ceesar and Teutonic Kaiser. Many independent princes held the title, and it was not till 1547 that Ivan the Terrible made it specially Russian on taking the title of Czar of Moscow. Peter the Great was the first to claim Imperial rank as an accompaniment of the Czardom, and his claim was not for some time acknowledged by European courts. The name was also applied in the eighteenth century to some article of dress, possibly a cravat.