Chalcedon

Chalcedon, or Calchedon, a coast town of ancient Bithynia in Asia Minor, almost opposite Byzantium, and south of the present town of Scutari. It was founded by a colony from Megara, and was called the City of the Blind, as being founded by those who could not see the greater advantages of the site upon the opposite coast. It was taken by the Persians, was made a free city under the Roman Empire, was again taken by the Persians in 616 AD., and was finally demolished by the Turks, who took its ruins as building material for Constantinople. The fourth Ecumenical Council was held here in 451 A.D. to settle points disputed by the Monophysites and the Nestorians.