Turner, Joseph Mallord William. Born in 1775. Landscape painter. Son of a hairdresser in Covent Garden. Studied at the schools of the Royal Academy. Became A.R.A. in 1799, and R.A. in 1802, and soon won a reputation as a painter both in watercolors and in oils. In 1807 he began the "Liber Studiorum," a series of prints for the most part executed by himself. For "England and Wales," the "Southern Coast," and other series of engravings, he prepared drawings, which are now highly prized. Among the finest of his oil paintings in the National Gallery, London, are "Dido Building Carthage," and "The Sun Rising in a Mist." Died 1851.

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