Thoreau, Henry David. Born in 1817. American naturalist. Was a friend of Emerson, and a member of the Transcendental school. In 1845 and the following years, Thoreau lived a life of complete solitude, described in "Walden." He became acquainted with John Brown in 1859, and devoted the rest of his life to the Abolitionist cause. Thoreau died in 1862.

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