Raphael, Raffaello Santi, or Sanzio. Born in 1483. Son of Giovanni Santi. A Painter; studied under Pietro Perugino. In 1504 went to Florence, where he attached himself to Fra Bartolommeo, and was much influenced by the works of the Florentine school. In 1508 Raphael was summoned to Rome by Julius II to adorn with frescoes the walls of the Vatican, which occupied him until 1513. He was much employed by Leo X, who succeeded Julius in 1513. To this period belong the cartoons at Hampton Court. Raphael also displayed genius as an architect, and after the death of Bramante in 1514, superintended the building of the new cathedral of St. Peter's. Died in 1520.

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