Toussaint L'Ouverture, Francois Dominique. Born in 1743. Son of African slaves on the island of Santo Domingo. He was, in 1796, appointed by the directory chief of the army of San Domingo, and afterwards established his authority throughout the island, which he ruled with justice and vigor. When Napoleon Bonaparte sought to restore slavery in San Domingo (1801), Toussaint resisted, but was forced to surrender, and was sent to France, where he died in prison in 1803.

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