Gustavus IV (1778-1837), succeeded his father, Gustavus III. He antagonized the French and joined the German princes against Napoleon. He alienated his people by taxes, engaged in a useless war with Russia, lost Finland to that power, cast away the friendship of England, and was expelled finally from his country. French influence demanded his exile. He refused a pension from the Swedish treasury and died in poverty at St. Gall, Switzerland, February 7, 1837. He was succeeded by Charles XIII, then by Bernadotte.

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