Garibaldi. An Italian patriot. Born in 1807. Began life as a sailor. He associated himself enthusiastically with Mazzini for the liberation of his country, but being convicted of conspiracy, fled to South America where, as both a privateer and a soldier, he gave his services to the young republics struggling there for life. Returning to Europe, Garibaldi took part in the defense of Rome against France. Being defeated, he fled to New York to return to the Isle of Caprera, biding his time. He joined the Piedmontese against Austria and, in 1860, set himself to assist in the overthrow of the Kingdom of Naples and the union of Italy under Victor Emmanuel. Landing in Calabria, Garibaldi entered Naples and drove the royal forces before him without striking a blow, after which he returned to his retreat at Caprera, ready still to draw sword, and occasionally offering it again in the cause of republicanism. Garibaldi died in 1882.

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