Bell, Alexander Graham. Scientist, inventor. Born in Edinburgh, 1847. Educated there and at London University. Went to Canada, 1870, and to Boston, 1871, becoming professor of vocal physiology, Boston University. Invented telephone, for which patent was granted, 1876. Also invented photophone, induction balance, and telephone probe for painless detection of bullets in the human body. With C. A. Bell and Sumner Taintor, invented the graphophone, 1883. Investigated laws of flight and education of the deaf. Was regent of the Smithsonian Institution. Officer of the French Legion of Honor. Member U.S. Naval Advisory Board, 1915. In 1917, a memorial was unveiled at Brantford, Ontario, commemorating the earliest actual transmission of the human voice over wire between points miles part. The fundamental idea of the invention was conceived by Dr. Bell at Brantford, 1874, and, after further development in Boston, 1875, was first effectively applied by him to the telephonic transmission of speech in communications made between Brantford and Paris, Ontario, in August, 1876. Died 1922.

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